How fast can penguins swim?
Swimming speed varies by species, but most penguins cruise at 5 to 10 km/h. The gentoo penguin holds the record as the fastest swimmer, reaching burst speeds of up to 36 km/h (22 mph). Emperor penguins typically swim at about 6 to 9 km/h but can reach 14 km/h in short bursts. Penguins use a technique called porpoising — leaping out of the water in an arc — to breathe without slowing down, which also helps them escape predators. Their streamlined bodies, stiff flippers, and dense bones all contribute to their swimming efficiency.
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Where this answer comes from
Reference bodies behind our behavior answers. Links last checked August 5, 2026.
- Smithsonian Ocean Portal - Penguin biology, anatomy, and breeding explainers.
- British Antarctic Survey - Antarctic penguin ecology, diving, and sea-ice context.
- Penguins International - Species explainers and conservation context focused on penguins.