Guano
Definition
Guano is the accumulated excrement of seabirds, including penguins, and it plays a surprisingly important ecological role. Penguin guano is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, fertilising coastal and marine ecosystems. Large colonies can deposit enough guano to alter local soil chemistry and promote plant growth on otherwise barren sub-Antarctic islands. Historically, guano was harvested commercially from African penguin colonies, and the removal of deep guano layers destroyed the burrowing habitat these penguins depend on for nesting.
Related Terms
Related Species
Species where guano is especially relevant.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does guano mean in penguin biology?
Guano is the accumulated excrement of seabirds, including penguins, and it plays a surprisingly important ecological role. Penguin guano is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, fertilising coastal and marine ecosystems. Large colonies can deposit enough guano to alter local soil chemistry and promote plant growth on otherwise barren sub-Antarctic islands. Historically, guano was harvested commercially from African penguin colonies, and the removal of deep guano layers destroyed the burrowing habitat these penguins depend on for nesting.
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Glossary entries define the language. FAQ answers common questions; guides carry the longer Survival Lab arguments.
More in ecologyWhere this definition comes from
Reference bodies behind the ecology terminology. Links last checked August 5, 2026.
- NOAA Fisheries - Marine food webs, climate, and ocean ecosystem context.
- British Antarctic Survey - Antarctic penguin ecology, diving, and sea-ice context.
- BirdLife Data Zone - Species accounts, distribution, and population summaries.