Preening Gland
Definition
The preening gland (uropygial gland) is an oil-producing gland located at the base of a penguin's tail. Penguins spread this oil across their feathers with their beak to maintain waterproofing and insulation. The oil creates a hydrophobic barrier that prevents cold seawater from reaching the skin and downy underlayer. Damage to the preening gland or contamination by oil spills can destroy a penguin's waterproofing, leading to hypothermia and death. Regular preening is an essential daily behaviour for every penguin species.
Related Terms
Related Species
Species where preening gland is especially relevant.
Frequently Asked Questions
What does preening gland mean in penguin biology?
The preening gland (uropygial gland) is an oil-producing gland located at the base of a penguin's tail. Penguins spread this oil across their feathers with their beak to maintain waterproofing and insulation. The oil creates a hydrophobic barrier that prevents cold seawater from reaching the skin and downy underlayer. Damage to the preening gland or contamination by oil spills can destroy a penguin's waterproofing, leading to hypothermia and death. Regular preening is an essential daily behaviour for every penguin species.
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More in anatomyWhere this definition comes from
Reference bodies behind the anatomy terminology. Links last checked August 5, 2026.
- Smithsonian Ocean Portal - Penguin biology, anatomy, and breeding explainers.
- British Antarctic Survey - Antarctic penguin ecology, diving, and sea-ice context.
- Australian Museum - Little penguin biology and coastal breeding behavior.